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Country And Court

Since the Revolution [of 1688], the distinction between Whig and Tory had disappeared, but in its place the Dissertation [upon Parties] cites the rise of new divisions.  There were those who were angry with the government but who wished to keep the constitution–Bolingbroke’s position.  There were those who were averse to both the constitution and […]

Since the Revolution [of 1688], the distinction between Whig and Tory had disappeared, but in its place the Dissertation [upon Parties] cites the rise of new divisions.  There were those who were angry with the government but who wished to keep the constitution–Bolingbroke’s position.  There were those who were averse to both the constitution and the government–a small number of Jacobites and republicans.  Finally, there were those attached to the government who were, in fact, enemies of the constitution–Walpole and his group.  The second group was unimportant.  The first and third Bolingbroke labels country and court, or constitutionalists and anti-constitutionalists.  In rhetoric anticipatory of Burke’s, Bolingbroke described the sacred constitution which he saw Walpole and his anti-constitutionalists bent upon destroying.

That noble fabric, the pride of Britain, the envy of her neighbors raised by the labor of so many centuries, repaired at the expense of so many millions and cemented by such a profusion of blood; that noble Fabric, I say, which was able to resist the united efforts of so many races of giants, may be demolished by a race of pigmies.

Echoes of Swift are heard once again when Bolingbroke describes the anti-constitutionalists as insects of the earth, “and like other insects, though sprung from dirt, and the vilest of animal kind, they can nibble, gnaw, and poison, and if they are suffered to multiply and work on, they can lay the most fruitful country to waste.” ~Isaac Kramnick, Bolingbroke & His Circle

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